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Mainstream, Vol 63 No 20, May 17, 2025

The CAA and the Eroded Public Sphere: A Media Content Analysis through Chomsky and Habermas | Sunit Singh and Anjali Sidhwani

Saturday 17 May 2025

This article argues that the selected Indian media outlets have failed to develop a public sphere in the Habermasian sense [1], where rational-critical debate among private individuals about matters of public concern can flourish. Instead, the media landscape is marked by the reproduction of pre-established narratives, emotional framing, and ideological reinforcement. Drawing on Chomsky


[1The theoretical frameworks of Habermas and Chomsky are used here as interpretive tools to understand observed patterns in media discourse. The intention is not to fully apply or test these theories in a strict empirical sense, but to explore their relevance in the Indian context.